Inflammation of the gums
It is a form of gum disease and occurs due to the accumulation of plaque and bacteria on and around the teeth. If untreated in the early stages, it can develop into more serious forms such as inflammation of the supporting tissues (periodontitis).
- Symptoms*
- Redness of the gums*: inflamed gums are red or dark in color.
- Swollen gums*: the gums are swollen and painful to the touch.
- Bleeding gums*: gums bleed easily when brushing or flossing.
- Bad breath*: persistent bad breath.
- Receding gums*: the gums recede from the teeth, revealing a larger part of the tooth.
- Tooth sensitivity*: increased tooth sensitivity to hot or cold foods and drinks.
- Reasons*
- Plaque*: the accumulation of plaque on the teeth, which is a sticky layer of bacteria, is the main cause of gingivitis.
- Hormonal changes*: hormonal changes during pregnancy, the menstrual cycle, or menopause can make the gums more sensitive and prone to inflammation.
- Certain medications*: some medications may affect gum health such as antiepileptic drugs, high pressure medications.
- Chronic diseases*: such as diabetes, which can affect the body’s ability to resist infections, including gingivitis.
- Bad habits*: such as not brushing teeth regularly or properly.
- Treatment*
- * Good oral hygiene*:
- Brushing teeth twice a day using fluoride-containing toothpaste.
- Use dental floss daily to remove plaque from between the teeth and below the gum line.
- Use antibacterial mouthwash.
- Professional teeth cleaning:
- Visit the dentist to perform a thorough cleaning of teeth (deep tooth cleaning) to remove plaque and tartar.
- * Medical treatments*:
- In cases of advanced gingivitis, the doctor may prescribe antibiotics or topical medications to help control the infection.
- * Adjustment of daily habits*:
- Stop smoking or using tobacco products.
- A healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables and low in sugars.
- Prevention*
- * Daily dental care*: make sure to clean teeth and gums regularly and use dental floss and mouthwash.
- * Visit the dentist regularly*: periodic visits to the dentist at least every 6 months for check-ups and tooth cleaning.
- * Avoid smoking*: quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption.
Gingivitis can be treated and prevented by following the right oral care tips and periodic visits to the dentist. Early treatment contributes to the avoidance of serious complications.
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